Informatics Publishing Limited

Deepak Khare ¹, Arun Mondal ¹, Prabash Kumar Mishra ¹, Sananda Kundu ¹, Pramod Kumar Meena ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Water Resources Development & Management, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667 (U.A.), IN

Abstract

Drainage pattern study utilizing Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) has proved to be an efficient and quick tool, nowadays, for water resources planning, conservation and management. In the present study morphological features of 'Bhilanganga' drainage basin are being extracted utilizing satellite imagery and analyzed for assessing the drainage pattern and identifying priority sub-basins for conservation measures as well. The basin morphometric parameters such as linear and aerial aspects were determined and computed using ArcInfo software. The region is a part of Uttarakhand state of India, a hilly catchment in the lower Himalayan range covering an area of 1465.38 km2. The area extends from 30o19'41"N to 30o52'42"N latitude and from 78o29'13"E to 79o2'9"E longitude. The entire area is sub-divided into eight sub-basins ranging in area from 91.91 km2 to 465.29 km2. The pattern of drainage in the area is dendritic to sub-dendritic and the stream ordering ranges from order I to VII. The drainage density indicates a coarser drainage ranging from 1.68 to 2.34 km/km2. The entire area is the normal basin category as observed from the bifurcation ratio. The RS and GIS techniques have proven to be very useful in this case of morphometric analysis, as the study area is a hilly catchment located in a difficult terrain.

Keywords

Bhilanganga Sub-basin, Bifurcation Ratio, Drainage Density, Gis, Morphometry, Remote Sensing

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Pramod Kumar Meena ¹, Deepak Khare ¹, Rituraj Shukla ¹, P. K. Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Water Resources Development and Management, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, IN

Abstract

Land use change is occurring rapidly and it has huge impact on the local climate. The study area includes 17 mega cities located within 25°18'00''N to 34°5'24"N of India. The current study is based on trend of historical rainfall which is analyzed by Mann-Kendall method using monthly rainfall data (1901-2011). Before using this method, pre-whitening method was applied for removing the error from the data. Sen's Slope estimator is used to derive the magnitude of the data. Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) was used for identifying the break point of the data series. Finally true slope of an existing trend and variance of the residuals was calculated for all selected cities using Sen's method. Increasing trend has been found in Jaipur, Jodhpur, Faridabad, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Delhi, Chandigarh, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Srinagar whereas, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Kanpur, Gwalior, Agra shows decreasing trend. No trend is observed in Kota. Monsoon season depicted decrease in the rainfall magnitude in most of the regions of north India. This result is extremely significant as monsoon rainfall serves the major water demand for agriculture and water resources. Change Percentage for 111 years had shown rainfall variability throughout North India centre's with the highest increase in Delhi centre's (32.43 %) and decrease in Patna centre's (−16.22 %) annually.

Keywords

Mann-Kendall, Mega Cities, Pre-Whitening Method, Rate of Change, Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT).

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